Epidemiology

Drug resistance

Internal medicine

Biotechnology

In vivo

Bacteria

Biology

Microbiology

Multiple drug resistance

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Drug

Genetics

Medicine

Pharmacology

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

In recent years, the worldwide spread of the so-called high-risk clones of multidrug-resistant or extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa has become a public health threat. This article reviews their mechanisms of resistance, epidemiology, and clinical impact and current and upcoming therapeutic options. In vitro and in vivo treatment studies and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models are discussed.

Epidemiology and Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections