Aqueous solution

Chemistry

Electrode

Chloride

Organic chemistry

Electrolyte

Flow battery

Inorganic chemistry

Faraday efficiency

Physical chemistry

Redox

Chem

TMAP-TEMPO represents an extremely stable redox-active radical organic for an AORFB posolyte. An all-organic AORFB based on TMAP-TEMPO and BTMAP-Vi exhibits an OCV of 1.1 V and a long lifetime, featuring a concentration-independent temporal capacity retention rate of >99.974% per h, or a capacity retention rate of 99.993% per cycle over 1,000 consecutive cycles.

A Long-Lifetime All-Organic Aqueous Flow Battery Utilizing TMAP-TEMPO Radical