World Wide Web

Linguistics

Teaching method

Mathematics education

Philosophy

Vocabulary

Statistics

Data collection

Computer science

Qualitative property

Virtual reality

Psychology

Language proficiency

Mathematics

Computer-Assisted Instruction

Artificial intelligence

Medicine

Medical education

Class (philosophy)

Mobile device

Human–computer interaction

Machine learning

Multimedia

Computer Assisted Language Learning

This article reports a mixed-methods study about using virtual reality (VR) tools (Google Cardboard and Expeditions) for developing students’ oral proficiency in learning Chinese as a second language. Twelve students role-played as tour guides for six locations throughout a semester: four of them with VR tools and two without. Data collection included oral presentations recorded at four different times of the semester (for Presentations 1, 3, 4, and 6), class observations, participants’ reflection papers, and individual interviews at the end of the semester. Results revealed that the content and vocabulary of participants’ oral presentations when using VR tools scored statistically significantly higher than when not using VR tools. Qualitative data showed that participants felt that VR tools facilitated preparation and encouraged active learning.

Effects of using mobile-based virtual reality on Chinese L2 students’ oral proficiency