Internal medicine

Left atrium

Atrial fibrillation

Interatrial septum

Stroke (engine)

Shunt (medical)

Blood pressure

Engineering

Cardiology

Patent foramen ovale

Valsalva maneuver

Migraine

Medicine

Mechanical engineering

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography

Transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) has become an effective therapeutic strategy for cryptogenic stroke (CS). The identification of high-risk PFO is essential, but the data are limited. This study aimed to clarify the factors related to CS and to develop a score for high-risk PFO.

Identification of High-Risk Patent Foramen Ovale Associated With Cryptogenic Stroke: Development of a Scoring System