Irradiation

Physics

Absorbed dose

Synchrotron radiation

Synchrotron

Nuclear medicine

Large Hadron Collider

Optics

Radiation

Calibration

Ionizing radiation

Attenuation

Nuclear physics

Materials science

Optical fiber

Proton Synchrotron

Proton

Quantum mechanics

Optoelectronics

Medicine

Dosimetry

Journal of Lightwave Technology

We report the results of several complementary radiation tests to qualify and calibrate a highly radiation sensitive Single-Mode (SM) Optical Fiber (OF) for distributed dosimetry application at CERN. The Radiation Induced Attenuation (RIA) is the physical phenomenon used to evaluate the Total Ionizing Dose (TID) received by the OF sensor. The radiation response tests comprise online RIA in the Near InfraRed (NIR) domain under <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">60</sup> Co γ-rays, X-rays and proton irradiations, as well as post mortem Optical Attenuation (OA) measurement to evaluate long term fading effects of the RIA. In this paper, we focus on the effect of successive irradiations, dose rate dependence and effects related to the change of the irradiation temperature up to 45 °C. On the basis of our investigation, we conclude that the studied OF is a suitable TID sensor and that it is well adapted for distributed OF radiation dose sensing. It is fully compatible with commercially available SM Optical Time Domain Reflectometers, with some noticeable advantages with respect to previously developed systems based on multimode OFs. Finally, the OF we investigated has been selected for the distributed monitoring of low radiation dose levels at CERN in the injector chain (Proton Synchrotron Booster, Proton Synchrotron, Super Proton Synchrotron) and parts of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).

Qualification and Calibration of Single-Mode Phosphosilicate Optical Fiber for Dosimetry at CERN