Organic chemistry

Pulp and paper industry

Thermal stability

Biology

Surface modification

Engineering

Steam explosion

Horticulture

Composite material

Cellulosic ethanol

Hemicellulose

Natural fiber

Chemistry

Materials science

Silane

Cellulose

Stalk

Lignin

Biopolymer

Crystallinity

Chemical engineering

Fiber

Polymer

Cellulose fiber

Crop stalk is a valuable source of cellulosic biomass and has attracted increasing attention as one kind of renewable resource. Cellulose fibers have potential as a reinforcement material to replace synthetic fibers used in biopolymer composites. This study addresses the modification and characterization of corn stem fibers extracted from corn stalk waste. The corn stem fibers were treated with alkali, silane and NaOH-silane solutions, and then, the chemical properties, surface morphology, mechanical behaviors and thermal stability of the corn stem fibers were characterized. The surface treatments improved the chemical and mechanical properties of the corn stem fibers. The fibers had rougher surfaces after the surface treatments. EDX and FTIR analysis confirmed that the surface treatments removed a certain amount of hemicelluloses, lignin and pectin from the natural fiber surface. XRD analysis results showed that the surface treatments had a positive impact on the crystallinity index of the natural fibers. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the treated corn stem fibers were also found to be improved.

Characterization of natural cellulose fiber from corn stalk waste subjected to different surface treatments