Engineering

Surgery

Clavicle

Current (fluid)

Physical therapy

Sports medicine

Medicine

Physical medicine and rehabilitation

Conservative treatment

General surgery

Electrical engineering

European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery

Background For decades, clavicle fractures have been treated conservatively. In the last 20 years, however, non-union rates after conservative treatment appear higher than previously reported and more evidence regarding operative treatment has become available. This has led to a paradigm shift towards an increase in operative treatment. The aim of this review is to present the current concepts and available evidence regarding clavicle fracture treatment. Methods Conservative and operative treatment options together with their indications for medial, shaft and lateral clavicle fractures are discussed. For all three anatomical locations, a treatment algorithm is proposed. Conclusion In general, non-displaced fractures are treated conservatively. Operative treatment has to be discussed with patients with displaced clavicle fractures, especially in the young and active patient.

Clavicle fractures in adults; current concepts