Perspective (graphical)

Public health

Pathology

Ethical leadership

Neuroscience

Mathematics

Business ethics

Statistics

Machine learning

Prosocial behavior

Nursing

Cognition

Political science

Artificial intelligence

Psychology

Alternative medicine

Quality of Life Research

Workplace spirituality

Public relations

Computer science

Spirituality

Multilevel model

Structural equation modeling

Medicine

Social psychology

Journal of Business Ethics

The role and influence of workplace spirituality on individual and organisational outcomes continue to draw attention among management scholars. Despite this increased attention, extant literature has yielded limited insights particularly into the impact and influence processes of workplace spirituality on performance outcomes at both the individual and unit levels of analysis. Addressing this gap in research, we proposed and tested a multilevel model, underpinned by social cognitive theory, that examines the processes linking perceptions of workplace spirituality and performance outcomes at the individual and organisational level of analysis. Data were obtained from 51 branches of a retail organisation in the United Kingdom. Results from structural equation modelling analysis revealed three salient findings. First, workplace spirituality was positively related to ethical climate, prosocial motivation, and moral judgment. Second, ethical climate partially mediated the relationship between workplace spirituality and prosocial motivation and moral judgment, respectively. Third, aggregated ethical climate significantly relates to branch-level helping behaviour and service performance.

A Multilevel Model Examining the Relationships Between Workplace Spirituality, Ethical Climate and Outcomes: A Social Cognitive Theory Perspective