Physics

Nanotechnology

Process engineering

Coal

Laser

Elemental analysis

Environmental chemistry

Analytical Chemistry (journal)

Optics

Combustion

Engineering

Physical chemistry

Coal combustion products

Inorganic chemistry

Chemistry

Materials science

Environmental science

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Waste management

Fly ash

Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry

This review article forms a guideline for LIBS contribution in coal analysis, encompassing fundamental aspects, operation modes, data processing, and analytical results. LIBS applications related to coal utilization are also highlighted (fly ash analysis and combustion monitoring).

Coal analysis by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: a tutorial review