Quantum mechanics

Anaerobic digestion

Methane

Engineering

Sewage treatment

Bacteria

Biology

Hydraulic retention time

Biogas

Methanosaeta

Manure

Waste management

Genetics

Environmental engineering

Physics

Organic chemistry

Bioaugmentation

Agronomy

Environmental science

Chemistry

Digestate

Microorganism

Pulp and paper industry

Volume (thermodynamics)

Bioresource Technology

In this study, a large-scale plug flow reactor has been operated at a hydraulic retention time of 25 d with substrate concentration of total solids (7–10%) under a temperature of 37–40 °C with a working volume of 3.85 × 104 m3 and dispose 1504 m3/d of waste for three years. The average monthly biogas production was 7.45 × 104 m3. At stable stage, the volume biogas, methane production rate and methane content reached 1.07 m3/m3·d, 0.58 m3/m3·d and 56.4%, respectively. Moreover, the specific biogas and methane yields of substrate removal efficiency were up to 0.39 m3/kg VS, 0.22 m3/kg VS and 59%, respectively. Among the bacteria, the genera Draconibacteriaceae, Ruminofilibacter, Cloacimonetes and vadinBC27, Ruminiclostridium and Treponema_2 dominated in digestate. The achaeal was dominated by methanogens genera Methanosarcina and Bathyarchaeota. Long-term operation in large scale demonstrated technological potential and industrial application of cattle manure treatment for biogas production.

Efficient biogas production from cattle manure in a plug flow reactor: A large scale long term study