Forest product

Forestry

Deforestation (computer science)

Ecology

Biology

Agroforestry

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation

Amazon rainforest

Computer science

Business

Ecosystem management

Forest ecology

Climate change

Logging

Geography

Ecoforestry

Carbon stock

Forest inventory

Environmental resource management

Valuation (finance)

Environmental science

Forest management

Programming language

Finance

Biodiversity

Ecosystem services

Forest restoration

Ecosystem

Nature Sustainability

The Brazilian Amazon forest is tremendously important for its ecosystem services but attribution of economically measurable values remains scarce. Mapping these values is essential for designing conservation strategies that suitably combine regional forest protection with sustainable forest use. We estimate spatially explicit economic values for a range of ecosystem services provided by the Brazilian Amazon forest, including food production (Brazil nut), raw material provision (rubber and timber), greenhouse gas mitigation (CO2 emissions) and climate regulation (rent losses to soybean, beef and hydroelectricity production due to reduced rainfall). Our work also includes the mapping of biodiversity resources and of rent losses to timber production by fire-induced degradation. Highest values range from US$56.72 ± 10 ha−1 yr−1 to US$737 ± 134 ha−1 yr−1 but are restricted to only 12% of the remaining forest. Our results, presented on a web platform, identify regions where high ecosystem services values cluster together as potential information to support decision-making. This study spatially maps the economic value of some major ecosystem services provided by the Brazilian Amazon. It also estimates changes in these values under scenarios of degradation and low-impact logging.

Spatially explicit valuation of the Brazilian Amazon Forest’s Ecosystem Services