Capital (architecture)

World Wide Web

Ecosystem health

Ecology

Biology

Position paper

Archaeology

Geodiversity

Economics

Computer science

Earth science

Geology

Position (finance)

Geography

Value (mathematics)

Environmental resource management

Natural (archaeology)

Ecosystem valuation

Natural capital

Finance

Natural resource economics

Biodiversity

Ecosystem services

Machine learning

Ecosystem

Ecosystem Services

While the “natural capital” approach is generally including geology, the “ecosystem services” approach is often excluding it either consciously or unconsciously. This is regrettable as it means that the total importance and value of nature to human society is being undervalued. This paper explains these issues and outlines 25 major ways in which geodiversity benefits people. It also argues that geodiversity and biodiversity should be treated as equal partners when developing nature policy, and makes proposals to progress this.

The confused position of the geosciences within the “natural capital” and “ecosystem services” approaches