Quantum mechanics

Detector

Philosophy

Silicon photomultiplier

Scintillator

Nuclear physics

Time of flight

Energy (signal processing)

Bar (unit)

Computer science

Resolution (logic)

Image resolution

Physics

Mathematics

Optics

Artificial intelligence

Scroll

Meteorology

Theology

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment

This paper describes the development and characterization of a ΔE-TOF detector composed of a plastic scintillator bar coupled at both ends to silicon photomultipliers. This detector is a prototype of a larger version which will be used in the FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment to identify the fragments produced by ion beams accelerated onto a hydrogen-enriched target. The final ΔE-TOF detector will be composed of two layers of plastic scintillator bars with orthogonal orientation and will measure, for each crossing fragment, the energy deposited in the plastic scintillator (ΔE), the time of flight (TOF), and the coordinates of the interaction position in the scintillator. To meet the FOOT experimental requirements, the detector should have energy resolution of a few percents and time resolution of 70 ps, and it should allow to discriminate multiple fragments belonging to the same event. To evaluate the achievable performances, the detector prototype was irradiated with protons of kinetic energy in the 70–230 MeV range and interacting at several positions along the bar. The measured energy resolution σΔE∕ΔE was 6–14%, after subtracting the fluctuations of the deposited energy. A time resolution σ between 120 and 180 ps was obtained with respect to a trigger detector. A spatial resolution σ of 1.9 cm was obtained for protons interacting at the center of the bar.

Development and characterization of a<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline" overflow="scroll" id="d1e646" altimg="si9.gif"><mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi></mml:math>E-TOF detector prototype for the FOOT experiment

Development and characterization of aΔE-TOF detector prototype for the FOOT experiment