Finance

Internal medicine

Mental stress

Physiology

Blood pressure

Engineering

Philosophy

Artificial intelligence

Psychology

Economics

Systems engineering

Anticipation (artificial intelligence)

Stress (linguistics)

Stress test

Heart rate

Computer science

Linguistics

Task (project management)

Audiology

Heart rate variability

Mental arithmetic

Physiological stress

Medicine

Stress measures

Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing

Social and medical problems associated with stress are increasing globally and seriously affect mental health and well-being. However, an effective stress-level monitoring method is still not available. This paper presents a quantitative method for monitoring acute stress levels in healthy young people using biomarkers from physiological signals that can be unobtrusively monitored. Two states were induced to 40 volunteers, a basal state generated with a relaxation task and an acute stress state generated by applying a standard stress test that includes five different tasks. Standard psychological questionnaires and biochemical markers were utilized as ground truth of stress levels. A multivariable approach to comprehensively measure the physiological stress response is proposed using stress biomarkers derived from skin temperature, heart rate, and pulse wave signals. Acute physiological stress levels (total-range 0–100 au) were continuously estimated every 1 min showing medians of 29.06 au in the relaxation tasks, while rising from 34.58 to 47.55 au in the stress tasks. Moreover, using the proposed method, five statistically different stress levels induced by the performed tasks were also measured. Results obtained show that, in these experimental conditions, stress can be monitored from unobtrusive biomarkers. Thus, a more general stress monitoring method could be derived based on this approach.

Measuring acute stress response through physiological signals: towards a quantitative assessment of stress