Energy consumption

Thermal comfort

Engineering

Statistics

Energy (signal processing)

Computer cooling

Operating system

Passive cooling

Center (category theory)

Active cooling

Computer science

Energy management

Mechanical engineering

Physics

Thermal management of electronic devices and systems

Nuclear engineering

Free cooling

Mathematics

Thermal

Data center

Cooling load

Automotive engineering

Process engineering

Environmental science

Crystallography

Chemistry

Meteorology

Air cooling

Electricity

Water cooling

Air conditioning

Electrical engineering

Sustainable Computing Informatics and Systems

Within a data center, 52% of the electricity is used by the IT equipment, 38% by the cooling system, and 10% for the remaining equipment (electrical power distribution, UPS…). The cooling system is mandatory to maintain optimal air temperature and relative humidity and provide a safe environment for all the electronic equipment. This paper presents a review on thermal management in data centers and various potential cooling technologies developed respecting energy saving constraint. Numerous researchers have proposed different alternative cooling strategy and solutions to free air cooling. This article describes a state of the art cooling strategies of data centers. The open aisle configuration is the most often used technique to remove heat. It does not affect energy efficiency but increases the electricity consumption dedicated to air conditioning. The most promising cooling systems, capable of absorbing energy flux while decreasing electricity consumption and rising the energy efficiency, are identified and discussed. It includes free cooling, liquid cooling, two-phase technologies and building envelope.

A review of thermal management and innovative cooling strategies for data center