Finance

Sociology

Business

Punishment (psychology)

Criminology

Politics

Political science

Order (exchange)

Psychology

Presidency

Democracy

Social psychology

Asian Journal of Law and Society

This article focuses on the war on drugs in the Philippines in order to explore issues related to extra-judicial killing, which remains common in many countries that have abolished the death penalty and in many more that retain it but seldom carry out judicial executions. In the first year of Rodrigo Duterte’s presidency (2016–17), thousands of people were killed by police or by vigilantes who were encouraged to prosecute his war on drugs. At a time when democracy is in retreat in many parts of the world, this case illustrates how popular harsh punishment can be in states that have failed to meet their citizens’ hopes for freedom, economic growth, and security.

Governing through Killing: The War on Drugs in the Philippines