Cognitive psychology

Neuroscience

Image processing

Information processing

Computer science

Data processing

Software

Database

Psychology

Pipeline (software)

Image (mathematics)

Visual processing

Data science

Artificial intelligence

Programming language

Perception

Human–computer interaction

Machine learning

Algorithms

With the rapid increase in new fNIRS users employing commercial software, there is a concern that many studies are biased by suboptimal processing methods. The purpose of this study is to provide a visual reference showing the effects of different processing methods, to help inform researchers in setting up and evaluating a processing pipeline. We show the significant impact of pre- and post-processing choices and stress again how important it is to combine data from both hemoglobin species in order to make accurate inferences about the activation site.

Automated Processing of fNIRS Data—A Visual Guide to the Pitfalls and Consequences