Thematic analysis

Creativity

Communication

Social psychology

Honour

Gender studies

Intersectionality

Originality

Computer science

Acoustics

Qualitative research

Physics

Identity (music)

Psychology

Political science

Sociology

Artificial intelligence

Harassment

Perspective (graphical)

Affect (linguistics)

Agency (philosophy)

Social science

Career Development International

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine gender inequality in Saudi Arabia by using a relational perspective that takes into account the interrelated nature of the multilevel factors that influence this phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach A total of 21 in-depth interviews with female employees in Saudi Arabia were conducted and analysed using a thematic analysis. Findings The findings show how the interplay of factors on macro, meso and micro levels influences equal opportunities for women in Saudi Arabia, such as religio-cultural factors, the social power of wasta , the notions of female modesty and family honour and issues related to gender segregation, discrimination and harassment at work. Moreover, Saudi women’s experiences are varied on the basis of social class, family status and other dimensions of individual identity, adding to a growing body of intersectional research. The paper highlights the role of male guardianship system as well as the intersection of gender and class in pushing gender equality forward. Originality/value This study stresses the interrelated nature of the multilevel factors that affect gender equality and highlights the important role of individual agency and resilience.

Gender equality in employment in Saudi Arabia: a relational perspective