Electrical engineering

Physics

Process engineering

Electromagnetic coil

Heat transfer

Mechanics

Engineering

Baffle

Materials science

Nanofluid

Efficient energy use

Heat transfer enhancement

Heat transfer coefficient

Computer science

Mechanical engineering

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry

Improving heat transfer is a critical subject for energy conservation systems which directly affects economic efficiency of these systems. There are active and passive methods which can be employed to enhance the rate of heat transfer without reducing the general efficiency of the energy conservation systems. Among these methods, passive techniques are more cost-effective and reliable in comparison with active ones as they have no moving parts. To achieve further improvements in heat transfer performances, some researchers combined passive techniques. This article performs a review of the literature on the area of heat transfer improvement employing a combination of nanofluid and inserts. Inserts are baffles, twisted tape, vortex generators, and wire coil inserts. The progress made and the current challenges for each combined system are discussed, and some conclusions and suggestions are made for future research.

Combination of nanofluid and inserts for heat transfer enhancement