Quality (philosophy)

Linguistics

Philosophy

Project stakeholder

Principal (computer security)

Project portfolio management

Project management triangle

Operating system

Originality

Economics

Biochemistry

Computer science

Champion

Business

Qualitative research

CLARITY

Process management

Project manager

Management

Political science

Epistemology

Sociology

Project management

Chemistry

Knowledge management

Project team

Terminology

Agency (philosophy)

Project charter

Social science

International Journal of Operations & Production Management

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to resolve a core issue in project management research and practice – inconsistent terminology of key project roles. This inconsistency has negative consequences on the quality and impact of research in this area. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted an analysis of the literature and project management standards to identify both agreed-upon and inconsistent project role terms. Based on role and agency theories, the authors propose a consistent terminology. Findings The authors found consensus regarding four terms: project manager, project team, project management office, and program manager. However, the authors also found conflicting definitions and misuse concerning other terms, as well as use of the same title for different roles (e.g. customer, sponsor, champion). The authors define the ten core project roles and the two project entities with which they are associated. Originality/value The proposed role definitions and clear distinction between the two project entities offer clarity, reliance on existing consensus, avoidance of conflicts of interest, and clear separation of principal and agent roles. The implementation of these definitions will improve communications and enhance quality within and between both the research and the practice communities.

Who’s who in the project zoo? The ten core project roles