Archaeology

Mathematics

Urban planning

Operating system

Variety (cybernetics)

Civil engineering

Engineering

Orientation (vector space)

Cognitive psychology

Artificial intelligence

China

Psychology

Geography

Architectural engineering

Pedestrian

Transport engineering

Geometry

Beijing

Computer science

Process (computing)

Memorization

Moving within the city, both by vehicle and foot, is a prerequisite of creating visual sequences. A variety of factors should be taken into consideration when planning cities, not only of functional nature, but of the aesthetic nature as well. A particular problem lies in complex cities, which have a complex spatial matrix of different time layers resulting from development over a long period of time. Given that the city needs to provide the needs of its users, who move through it, one of the most important factors needed is easy orientation in a complex urban space. The research is based on the assumption of easy orientation and movement through the city, as well as on the striking appearance of urban elements that facilitate the memory of the city.. This work deals with defining important factors effecting perceiving and memorizing, by inhabitants and also of those visiting it for the first time, regardless they are walking or using a vehicle. Physical structures, topography and a climate and a range of other elements are important in order to create a clear idea of some urban area. Many elements were considered - not only being of fixed nature (streets, squares, topography and morphology), but also elements that form the essence of the urban image – elements that can also be some specific public transportation means, such as double-deckers in London, bicycles in Amsterdam or Beijing, or gondolas in Venice. The purpose of this work is to point out the rules helping the urban planning process and contribute to reading and memorizing the image of the city.

Important factors of perceiving and memorizing the city during the process of vehicle and pedestrian traffic