Psychological intervention

Quantum mechanics

World Wide Web

Cognitive psychology

Affordance

Communication

Contact hypothesis

Social psychology

Computer security

Anonymity

Conversation

The Internet

Psychiatry

Computer science

Prejudice (legal term)

Internet privacy

Physics

Computer-mediated communication

Psychology

Social media

Political science

Group (periodic table)

Computers in Human Behavior

Computer-mediated intergroup contact (CMIC) is a valuable strategy to reduce negative sentiments towards members of different social groups. We examined whether characteristics of communication media that facilitate intergroup encounters shape its effect on out-group attitudes. Specifically, we propose that concealing individuating cues about out-group members during CMIC increases prejudice, as interaction partners are perceived as less socially present. To assess these hypotheses, we conducted two mixed-factorial experiments. Participants engaged in synchronous text-chat with out-group members (Study 1) and a confederate (Study 2) who either shared or concealed their name and photo. Overall, CMIC reduced negative out-group sentiments. Study 2 showed, however, that out-group members' anonymity decreased perceived social presence, which was associated with less positive evaluations of the CMIC and higher prejudice. In conclusion, CMIC can contribute to conflict resolution interventions, preparing individuals for direct intergroup contact, if its affordances or conversation topics enhance interaction partners' social presence.

When is computer-mediated intergroup contact most promising? Examining the effect of out-group members' anonymity on prejudice