Quantum mechanics

Scale (ratio)

Engineering

Materials science

Cartography

Computer science

Management science

Biochemical engineering

Mechanical engineering

Physics

Nanotechnology

Mathematics

Geography

Work (physics)

Categorization

Domain (mathematical analysis)

Environmental science

Mathematical analysis

Data science

Artificial intelligence

Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering

A few important, foundational principles enable more effective discovery and development of heterogeneous catalysts. Numerous experts have documented and illustrated these principles over the past several decades, but many current practitioners fail to heed their sage advice. We revisit the concepts, which we categorize as the bed-scale phenomena of isothermality, contacting pattern ideality, isobaricity, and wetting efficiency, and the particle-scale phenomena of internal and external temperature and concentration gradients. In addition, we introduce a new public domain, web-based tool for quickly estimating the magnitude of the effects of these phenomena. Our objective is to motivate and equip our colleagues to teach these principles and to apply sound reaction engineering practices in their laboratory work.

Fundamental principles of laboratory fixed bed reactor design