Instar

Demography

Biology

Pesticide

Botany

Larva

Organic chemistry

Toxicity

Malathion

Toxicology

Agronomy

Population

Sociology

Chemistry

Nymph

Fecundity

Kunchong zhishi

This paper systematically compares the bioactivity and sublethal effects of four benzoylurea insecticides on Apolygus lucorum(Meyer-Dur).The results show that all four insecticides possess high toxicity to the nymphs of this pest.More specifically,chlorfluazuron had the highest toxicity to 2nd instar nymphs of A.lucorum(LC50 of 51.63 mg/L),hexaflumuron had the highest toxicity to 3rd instar nymphs(LC50 66.87 mg/L) and triflumuron had the highest toxicity to 4th instar nymphs(LC50 of 93.04 mg/L).The toxicity of all three of these insecticides was higher than that of malathion.Additionally,sub-lethal doses(i.e.LC30—40) of these insecticides significantly influenced the growth,development and survival of A.lucorum.Among the four insecticides tested,hexaflumuron had the greatest sublethal effects.2nd instar nymphs treated with this insecticide had a slower developmental rate and the subsequent adults had less fecundity and shorter longevity.The survival of 4th instar nymphs was also reduced by sublethal doses of this insecticide.

Bioactivity and sublethal effects of benzoylphenylurea insecticides on Apolygus lucorum