Cerebrospinal fluid

Hydrocephalus

Subarachnoid space

Ventricular system

Cerebral aqueduct

Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI

Phase contrast microscopy

Cyst

Radiology

Communicating hydrocephalus

Physics

Optics

Arachnoid cyst

Medicine

Magnetic resonance imaging

Pathology

British Journal of Radiology

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces include ventricles and cerebral and spinal subarachnoid spaces. CSF motion is a combined effect of CSF production rate and superimposed cardiac pulsations. Knowledge of CSF dynamics has benefited considerably from the development of phase-contrast (PC) MRI. There are several disorders such as communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus, Chiari malformation, syringomyelic cyst and arachnoid cyst that can change the CSF dynamics. The aims of this pictorial review are to outline the PC MRI technique, CSF physiology and cerebrospinal space anatomy, to describe a group of congenital and acquired disorders that can alter the CSF dynamics, and to assess the use of PC MRI in the assessment of various central nervous system abnormalities.

Cerebrospinal fluid flow imaging by using phase-contrast MR technique