Linguistics

Cognitive psychology

Process (computing)

Philosophy

Construct (python library)

Implicit attitude

Variety (cybernetics)

Operating system

Computer science

Cognitive science

Physics

Psychology

Optics

Focus (optics)

Artificial intelligence

Programming language

Dual (grammatical number)

Cognition & Emotion

It is widely acknowledged that emotions can be regulated in an astonishing variety of ways. Most research to date has focused on explicit (effortful) forms of emotion regulation. However, there is growing research interest in implicit (automatic) forms of emotion regulation. To organise emerging findings, we present a dual-process framework that integrates explicit and implicit forms of emotion regulation, and argue that both forms of regulation are necessary for well-being. In the first section of this review, we provide a broad overview of the construct of emotion regulation, with an emphasis on explicit and implicit processes. In the second section, we focus on explicit emotion regulation, considering both neural mechanisms that are associated with these processes and their experiential and physiological consequences. In the third section, we turn to several forms of implicit emotion regulation, and integrate the burgeoning literature in this area. We conclude by outlining open questions and areas for future research.

Explicit and implicit emotion regulation: A dual-process framework