Surgery

Urology

Creatinine

Hemodialysis

Peritoneal dialysis

Retrospective cohort study

Internal medicine

Medicine

Observational study

Gastroenterology

Dialysis

Blood Purification

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background/Aims:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Combining peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) has been common treatment option in Japan. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In this retrospective, multicenter, observational study, the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 104 patients (57 w 11 years, males 72%) who had switched from PD alone to combined therapy with PD and HD were studied. Clinical parameters were measured at baseline and after 3 months of combined therapy. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; At baseline, urine volume, dialysate-to-plasma ratio of creatinine (D/P Cr), and total Kt/V were 150 ml/day (range: 0-2,000 ml/day), 0.67 w 0.11, and 1.8 w 0.4, respectively. During the first 3 months of combined therapy, body weight, urine volume, serum creatinine level, and D/P Cr decreased, whereas hemoglobin levels increased. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In patients where PD does not result in acceptable outcomes, combined therapy with PD and HD may have potential benefits in terms of dialysis adequacy and hydration status. Video Journal Club &amp;#8220;Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco&amp;#8221; at http://www.karger.com/?doi=368389 i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

Combined Therapy with Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Cohort Study in Japan