Physics

Business

Exploratory factor analysis

Sample (material)

Service (business)

Mathematics

Confirmatory factor analysis

Epistemology

Marketing

Philosophy

Econometrics

Psychology

Economics

Power (physics)

Chemistry

Geometry

Scale (ratio)

Quality (philosophy)

Dilemma

Computer science

Quantum mechanics

Family business

Reliability (semiconductor)

Chromatography

Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice

For a solution to the family business definition dilemma, we propose the application of a scale that assesses the extent and the quality of family influence via the measurement of three dimensions: Power, Experience, and Culture. The Family Influence on Power, Experience, and Culture (F–PEC) scale is tested rigorously, utilizing a sample of more than 1,000 randomly selected companies, through the application of exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic techniques. The scale demonstrates high levels of reliability. F–PEC has been applied in a number of studies, contributing to theory development, particularly in terms of the impact of family influence on distinct resources, and as a source of competitive advantage.

The F–PEC Scale of Family Influence: Construction, Validation, and Further Implication for Theory