World Wide Web

Usability

Linguistics

Engineering

Philosophy

Danish

Operating system

Originality

Computer science

Relation (database)

Qualitative research

Library classification

Physics

Operations research

Database

Mathematics

Optics

Value (mathematics)

Sociology

Focus (optics)

Artificial intelligence

Geometry

Architectural engineering

Point (geometry)

Public space

Virtual space

Human–computer interaction

Space (punctuation)

Machine learning

Social science

New Library World

Purpose The aim of this paper is to present a model for the public library created by the authors. Design/methodology/approach The paper is divided into three parts. The first part emphasizes considerations regarding today's focus on both the virtual and the physical library. The second part describes the four‐space model, including examples of libraries as illustrations of the different spaces and examples of how the model is being used in the Nordic library‐world. The third part pinpoints some critical questions in relation to the model. Findings The paper shows how the four‐space model has been used in different ways in the Nordic countries since it was presented for the first time in a Danish report on public libraries in 2010. Practical implications The four‐space model can be a useful tool in relation to developing, building, designing, arranging and rearranging public libraries. Furthermore the model can be a tool for management and communication in connection with library plans and policy and not least a point of departure for the discussion of the public library's overall role in society. Originality/value This is the first time that the space model is presented to the library world outside the Nordic countries in a way where examples, usability and limitations are included.

The four spaces – a new model for the public library