Head position as an indicator of producer and scrounger tactics in a ground-feeding bird

The benefits of group foraging depend on the frequency of feeding from food uncovered by companions (joining) versus self-discovered food (finding). Information-sharing (IS) and producer–scrounger (PS) games predict different joining frequencies because they make distinct assumptions about food searching. IS games assume individuals can search concurrently for finding and joining opportunities while PS games assume incompatible search modes;...