Reactive programming

World Wide Web

Learnability

Programming paradigm

Selection (genetic algorithm)

Computer science

Inductive programming

Event-driven programming

End user

Artificial intelligence

Programming language

Human–computer interaction

As programming skills increase in demand and utility, the learnability of end-user programming systems is of utmost importance. However, research on learning barriers in programming systems has primarily focused on languages, overlooking potential barriers in the environment and accompanying libraries. To address this, a study of beginning programmers learning Visual Basic.NET was performed. This identified six types of barriers: design, selection, coordination, use, understanding, and information. These barriers inspire a new metaphor of computation, which provides a more learner-centric view of programming system design.

Six Learning Barriers in End-User Programming Systems