#1Bongjin Shin(UB: University at Buffalo)H-Index: 1
#2Henry C. Hrdlicka(University of Connecticut Health Center)H-Index: 2
Last. Sun-Kyeong Lee(University of Connecticut Health Center)H-Index: 31
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The miR-29-3p family (miR-29a, miR-29b, miR-29c) of microRNAs is increased during RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. In vivo, activation of a miR-29-3p tough decoy inhibitor (TuD) in LysM-cre expressing cells (myeloid lineage) resulted in mice displaying enhanced trabecular and cortical bone volume, due to decreased bone resorption. Calcitonin receptor (Calcr) is a miR-29 target that negatively regulates bone resorption. CALCR was significantly increased in RANKL-treated miR-29-decoy osteoclasts,...
Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent cells release a myriad of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors that directly mediate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues...
Historically, intracellular function and metabolic adaptation within the α-cell has been understudied, with most of the attention being placed on the insulin-producing β-cells due to their role in the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. However, there is a growing interest in understanding the function of other endocrine cell types within the islet and their paracrine role in regulating insulin secretion. For example, there is greater appreciation for α-cell products and their contribut...
Last. Jeffrey M. Zigman(UTSW: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)H-Index: 53
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Islets represent an important site of direct action of the hormone ghrelin, with expression of the ghrelin receptor (growth hormone secretagogue receptor; GHSR) having been localized variably to alpha-cells, beta-cells, and/or somatostatin (SST)-secreting delta-cells. To our knowledge, GHSR expression by pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-expressing gamma-cells has not been specifically investigated. Here, histochemical analyses of Ghsr-IRES-Cre X Cre-dependent ROSA26-YFP reporter mice showed 85% of GH...
The ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) is a complex brain structure that is integral to many neuroendocrine functions, including glucose regulation, thermogenesis, appetitive, social and sexual behaviours. As such, it is of little surprise that the nucleus is under intensive investigation to decipher the mechanisms which underlie these diverse roles. Developments in genetic and investigative tools, for example the targeting of steroidogenic factor-1-expressing neurons, have allowed u...
The lethality of estrogen receptor alpha positive (ER+) breast cancer, which is often considered to have better prognosis than other subtypes, is defined by resistance to the standard of care endocrine treatment. Relapse and metastasis are inevitable in almost every patient whose cancer is resistant to endocrine treatment. Therefore, understanding the underlying causes of treatment resistance remains an important biological and clinical focus of research in this area. Growth factor receptor path...
Energetic status often affects reproductive function, glucose homeostasis and feeding in mammals. Malnutrition suppresses pulsatile release of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) and increases gluconeogenesis and feeding. The present study aims to examine whether β-endorphin-μ-opioid receptor (MOR) signaling mediates the suppression of pulsatile GnRH/LH release, and an increase in gluconeogenesis/feeding induced by malnutrition. Ovariectomized female rats treated w...
Cancer-induced skeletal muscle defects show sex-specific differences in severity with men performing poorly compared to women. Hormones and sex chromosomal differences are suggested to mediate these differences, but the functional skeletal muscle markers to document these differences are unknown. We show that the myogenic microRNA miR-486 is a marker of sex-specific differences in cancer-induced skeletal muscle defects. Cancer-induced loss of circulating miR-486 was more severe in men with bladd...