Lidocaine has been shown to inhibit the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer, but the mechanism still remains unclear. This study explored the relationship between lidocaine and circulating seeding of breast cancer cells from the perspective of nerve fiber formation. The cell lines MDA-MB-231 and 4T1 were subcutaneously inoculated in mice to simulate the tumor self-seeding by circulating cancer cells. Lidocaine was used to treat these mice and tumor growth was observed. Silver staining was p...
Activated charcoal (AC) is a potential candidate antidote against dioxins. However, it is difficult to take AC as a supplement on a daily basis, because its long-term ingestion causes side effects such as constipation and deficiency of fat-soluble essential nutrients and hypocholesterolemia. Alginate-coated AC, termed Health Carbon (HC), was developed to decrease the side effects of AC, but its pharmacological effects, including side effects, remains unclear. Here, we show that HC enhanced fecal...
Cadmium is an environmental toxic metal and its exposure has become a worldwide public health threat. We aimed to evaluate the exposure assessment of cadmium in people living in Ta Zin Yae Kyaw village of Nyaung Don Township in Ayeyarwady Division, Myanmar and adverse effects of cadmium on the kidneys. Subjects (18-40 years) residing in this village were selected as the exposed group (n = 65) and those living in Kamayut Township in Yangon Division, Myanmar as the control group (n = 65). Spot uri...
Predicting drug-induced side effects in the cardiovascular system is very important because it can lead to the discontinuation of new drugs/candidates or the withdrawal of marketed drugs. Although chronic assessment of cardiac contractility is an important issue in safety pharmacology, an in vitro evaluation system has not been fully developed. We previously developed an imaging-based contractility assay system to detect acute cardiotoxicity using human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs...
The importance of glucose is well known as an energy source in testes. In order to evaluate the effects of long-lasting hypoglycemia on testes, a novel glucokinase activator, TMG-123, was dosed to rats at 5, 20 and 100 mg/kg for 13 weeks. As a result, plasma glucose levels decreased for several hours with increasing doses over the dose range of 5 to 100 mg/kg. No toxicological findings attributable to the test article were observed in clinical observation, measurements of body weight and food co...
Last. Shin-ichi Ogata(YNU: Yokohama National University)H-Index: 19
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There has been an increased demand to eliminate animal experiments and to replace the experiments with alternative tests for assessing the safety of cosmetics. The SH test is an in vitro skin sensitization test that evaluates the protein binding abilities of a test substance. Skin sensitization must be evaluated by multiple test methods. The SH test uses the same cell line and measuring instruments as the human Cell-Line Activation Test (h-CLAT), which is one of the test methods used to evaluate...
The number of gene therapies in development continues to increase, as they represent a novel method to treat, and potentially cure, many diseases. Gene therapies can be conducted with an in vivo or ex vivo approach, to cause gene augmentation, gene suppression, or genomic editing. Adeno-associated viruses are commonly used to deliver gene therapies, but their use is associated with several manufacturing, nonclinical and clinical challenges. As these challenges emerge, regulatory agency expectati...
The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is involved in inflammatory cytokine expression and disease pathogenesis in many conditions. The aim of this study was to explore the role of PKR in sepsis-induced renal tissue injury. Six-week-old C57BL/6J mice received PKR inhibitor (imoxin) and Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) inducer (tunicamycin) 2 hr prior to induction of inflammation via cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Renal tissues were collected 24 hr after the CLP treatment and protei...
#1Noriko Nakamura(FDA : United States Food and Drug Administration)H-Index: 2
#2Daniel T Sloper(FDA : United States Food and Drug Administration)H-Index: 1
Rats are the standard model for male reproductive toxicity testing. Rat prostates are physiologically and anatomically different from those of humans. Drug and chemical toxicity testing would benefit from an in vitro model of human prostate cells. Recently, spheroids derived by three-dimensional culture of human cell lines have been used for assessing drug and chemical toxicity in vitro as they mimic in vivo environments more closely than two-dimensional culture. However, forming consistently si...
Last. Miho Saito(FBR: Foundation for Biomedical Research)
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The objective of this study was to investigate an appropriate observation period for an evaluation of tumorigenicity in NOD/Shi-scid IL-2 Rγnull (NOG) mice. At SNBL, 19 male and 19 female NOG mice were observed the general condition from 7 weeks old up to 68 weeks old and at FBRI, 7 male and 16 female NOG mice were observed the general condition throughout the lifespan from 7 weeks old. The survival rate started to decline rapidly around 54 to 56 weeks of age in both facilities without a facilit...
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