Adipose- and Bone Marrow–Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prolong Graft Survival in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation

Strategies aiming at minimization or elimination of systemic immunosuppression are key immediate goals for clinical expansion of vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA). We compared the in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory efficacy of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) and bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs in a rat VCA model.Both cell types were tested in vitro for suppressor function using mixed lymphocyte reactivity assays....