Internal medicine

Pediatrics

Bronchiolitis

Intensive care medicine

Intensive care unit

Intubation

Hypertonic saline

Anesthesia

Respiratory system

Medicine

The Lancet

Viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of admission to hospital for infants in high-income countries. Respiratory syncytial virus accounts for 60–80% of bronchiolitis presentations. Bronchiolitis is diagnosed clinically without the need for viral testing. Management recommendations, based predominantly on high-quality evidence, advise clinicians to support hydration and oxygenation only. Evidence suggests no benefit with use of glucocorticoids or bronchodilators, with further evidence required to support use of hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis.