Geology

Meteorology

Extratropical cyclone

Atmospheric sciences

Computer science

Climatology

Troposphere

Geography

Storm track

Northern Hemisphere

Computer hardware

Wind speed

Environmental science

Tropical cyclone

Cyclone (programming language)

Storm

Wind gradient

Field-programmable gate array

Wind shear

Maximum sustained wind

Cyclogenesis

Weather and Climate Dynamics

. Future changes in extratropical cyclones and the associated storm tracks are uncertain. Using the new CMIP6 models, we investigate changes to seasonal mean storm tracks and composite wind speeds at different levels of the troposphere for the winter and summer seasons in both the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and Southern Hemisphere (SH). Changes are assessed across four different climate scenarios. The seasonal mean storm tracks are predicted to shift polewards in the SH and also in the North Pacific, with an extension into Europe for the North Atlantic storm track. Overall, the number of cyclones will decrease by ∼5 % by the end of the 21st century, although the number of extreme cyclones will increase by 4 % in NH winter. Cyclone wind speeds are projected to strengthen throughout the troposphere in the winter seasons and also summer in the SH, with a weakening projected in NH summer, although there are minimal changes in the maximum wind speed in the lower troposphere. Changes in wind speeds are concentrated i...

Future changes in the extratropical storm tracks and cyclone intensity, wind speed, and structure