Poisson distribution

Statistics

Metamaterial

Physics

Engineering

Finite element method

Square (algebra)

Poisson's ratio

Composite material

Materials science

Acoustics

Geometry

Condensed matter physics

Square lattice

Crashworthiness

Stiffness

Lattice (music)

Mathematics

Optoelectronics

Ising model

Auxetics

Structural engineering

Additive manufacturing

Novel 3D printed square auxetic tubular lattice (SATL) structures were designed, fabricated and investigated. Their mechanical properties were examined by the finite element method and experiments. The height and wall thickness show different effects on the mechanical properties of SATL structures. Compared with the circular auxetic tubular (CATL) structures, the SATL structure has a lower peak force under axial load. Under lateral load, the SATL structure has higher stiffness and specific energy absorption. Moreover, the auxetic effect of the proposed SATL structure is also obvious under lateral load. Then, numerical investigations of several improved SATL structures were carried out, the results show that the improved square auxetic tubular lattice (ISATL) structures have stronger energy absorption capacity under axial and lateral loads. Due to their unique structural design and excellent mechanical properties, the SATL structures and ISATL structures have great potential for applications in civil engineering, vehicle crashworthiness and protective infrastructure.

Experimental and computational investigations of novel 3D printed square tubular lattice metamaterials with negative Poisson’s ratio