Biotechnology

Enzyme

Yarrowia

Industrial biotechnology

Metabolic engineering

Biology

Fermentation

Engineering

Paleontology

Biochemical engineering

Haematococcus pluvialis

Industrial microbiology

Carotenoid

Yeast

Astaxanthin

Food science

Bioprocess

Biochemistry

Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology

The global market demand for natural astaxanthin is rapidly increasing owing to its safety, the potential health benefits, and the diverse applications in food and pharmaceutical industries. The major native producers of natural astaxanthin on industrial scale are the alga

Optimization of microbial cell factories for astaxanthin production: Biosynthesis and regulations, engineering strategies and fermentation optimization strategies