Electrical engineering

Physics

Microstrip

Bandwidth (computing)

Wireless

Ground plane

Optics

Slot antenna

Engineering

Patch antenna

Microstrip antenna

Antenna (radio)

Acoustics

Materials science

Computer science

Body area network

Telecommunications

IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters

A compact low-profile all-textile multiband antenna operating in the 2.45&#x002F;5.8 GHz ISM bands, mobile WiMAX IEEE 802.16 2005 (3.3&#x2013;3.4 GHz), and 5G sub-6 NR frequency band n77 (3.85&#x2013;4.0 GHz) is proposed for wireless body-area network (WBAN) applications. Good broadside radiations are achieved by properly activating the inherent TM11, TM21, and TM31 modes of a circular patch antenna. An elliptical slot and a C-shaped slot are employed to tune the three modes to the desired operating frequencies. A rectangular slot is used to reduce undesirable depression in the 5.8 GHz radiation pattern. The proposed antenna is fabricated from a conductive fabric layer integrated onto a single layer of denim, making it extremely low-profile and suitable for wearable applications. It has an overall size of 60 &#x00D7; 60 &#x00D7; 1.17 mm (0.64 &#x03BB;g &#x00D7; 0.64 &#x03BB;g &#x00D7; 0.0125 &#x03BB;g at 2.45 GHz). The measured maximum realized gains and bandwidth at the four frequencies are &#x2212;0.81, &#x2212;2.81, &#x2212;1.16, 2.83 dBi, and 90, 190, 230, 570 MHz, respectively. Test results show that when the antenna is placed on and bent around a human arm model, the reflection coefficient has only slight influence. Since the antenna adopts full ground plane structure, the SAR values are far below the EU standard of 2 W&#x002F;kg limit. With merit characteristics, the proposed design indicates a promising candidate for WBAN applications.

Low-Profile All-Textile Multiband Microstrip Circular Patch Antenna for WBAN Applications