Physics

Reynolds number

Darcy number

Mathematics

Heat transfer

Mechanics

Rayleigh number

Nusselt number

Annulus (botany)

Composite material

Turbulence

Cylinder

Materials science

Nanofluid

Geometry

Hartmann number

Natural convection

Fluid dynamics

Micromachines

The current study uses the multi-physics COMSOL software and the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model with a porosity of ε = 0.4 to conduct a numerical study on heat transfer by Cu-TiO2/EG hybrid nano-fluid inside a porous annulus between a zigzagged triangle and different cylinders and under the influence of an inclined magnetic field. The effect of numerous factors is detailed, including Rayleigh number (103 ≤ Ra ≤ 106), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), volume percent of the nano-fluid (0.02 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.08), and the rotating speed of the cylinder (-4000 ≤ w ≤ 4000). Except for the Hartmann number, which decelerates the flow rate, each of these parameters has a positive impact on the thermal transmission rate.

MHD Flow of a Hybrid Nano-Fluid in a Triangular Enclosure with Zigzags and an Elliptic Obstacle