Gene

Epidemiology

Drug resistance

Quorum sensing

Internal medicine

Intensive care medicine

Immunology

Pathogen

Cystic fibrosis

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pneumonia

Antimicrobial

Pharmacotherapy

Antibiotics

Bacteria

Genetics

Biochemistry

Biofilm

Virulence

Medicine

Biology

Microbiology

Antibiotic resistance

Drugs

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that is a common cause of nosocomial infections, particularly pneumonia, infection in immunocompromised hosts, and in those with structural lung disease such as cystic fibrosis. Epidemiological studies have identified increasing trends of antimicrobial resistance, including multi-drug resistant (MDR) isolates in recent years. P. aeruginosa has several virulence mechanisms that increase its ability to cause severe infections, such as secreted toxins, quorum sensing and biofilm formation. Management of P. aeruginosa infections focuses on prevention when possible, obtaining cultures, and prompt initiation of antimicrobial therapy, occasionally with combination therapy depending on the clinical scenario to ensure activity against P. aeruginosa. Newer anti-pseudomonal antibiotics are available and are increasingly being used in the management of MDR P. aeruginosa.

The Epidemiology and Pathogenesis and Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections: An Update