Estimation of the boundary condition of a 3D heat transfer equation using a modified hybrid conjugate gradient algorithm

Billet production is for the most part completed in a continuous casting machine. To produce a billet of suitable quality, the secondary cooling control system needs to provide an appropriate value of water flow rate. At present, most secondary cooling control methods are based on a heat transfer model for the billet, the accuracy of which can directly impact the cooling effect and further affect its quality. In practice, it is difficult to...