Inflammation‐induced left ventricular fibrosis is partially mediated by tumor necrosis factor‐α

Objective To determine the mechanisms of inflammation-induced left ventricular (LV) remodeling and effects of blocking circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in a model of systemic inflammation. Methods Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: the control group, the collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) group, and the anti-TNF-α group. Inflammation was induced in the CIA and anti-TNF-α groups. Following the onset of...