Observation of pairs of atoms at opposite momenta in an equilibrium interacting Bose gas

Quantum fluctuations play a central role in the properties of quantum matter. In non-interacting ensembles, they manifest as fluctuations of non-commuting observables, quantified by Heisenberg inequalities1. In the presence of interactions, additional quantum fluctuations appear, from which many-body correlations and entanglement arise2. Weak interactions are predicted to deplete Bose–Einstein condensates by the formation of correlated pairs of...