Hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors for renal anemia in chronic kidney disease: Advantages and disadvantages

Anemia is a common feature and complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) and recombinant human erythropoietin have been used widely in renal anemia treatment. Recently, hypoxia-inducible factor-prolyl hydroxylase domain inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) that may improve the treatment of renal anemia patients were launched. Previous studies indicated that HIF-PHIs may decrease hepcidin levels and modulate iron...