Serum Phosphate, BMI, and Body Composition of Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Association Analysis and Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study

Observational studies have reported associations between serum phosphate and BMI in specific clinical settings, but the nature of this relation in the general population is unclear.The aim of this study was twofold: to investigate the association between serum phosphate and BMI and body composition, as well as to explore evidence of causality through a bidirectional one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) in the population-based Rotterdam Study...