Critical issues encountered in the analysis of protein-phenolic binding interactions via fluorescence spectroscopy

There is a substantial volume of research articles in the field of protein-ligand interactions, with a large proportion using inappropriate methodology for the fluorescence spectroscopy analysis of binding interactions. The most common issues being overlooked are the inner filter effect and the use of unsuitable equations to calculate binding strength and stoichiometry, leading to the propagation of questionable methodology and reported results...