PCBM/Ag interface dipole management in inverted perovskite solar cells

In inverted perovskite solar cells, the [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)/Ag back interface is quite important because serious recombination occurs and H2O/O2 directly attacks this interface to induce device instability. Here, bi-functional dipole layers are applied at the interface aiming at improving the charge transport and device stability simultaneously. Silane with -CF3 end group anchored on the PCBM surface induces more...