Wind tunnel

Boundary layer

Physics

Reynolds number

Water tunnel

Mechanics

Laminar flow

Propeller

Aerodynamics

Vortex

Engineering

Vortex shedding

Turbulence

Marine engineering

Acoustics

Particle image velocimetry

Flow (mathematics)

Flow separation

Flow visualization

AIAA Journal

This paper presents an experimental investigation of a propeller operating at low Reynolds numbers and provides insights into the role of aerodynamic flow features on both propeller performances and noise generation. A propeller operating at a tip Reynolds number regime of is tested in an anechoic wind tunnel at an advance ratio ranging from 0 to 0.6. Noise is measured by means of a microphone array, while aerodynamic forces are measured with load and torque cells. Oil-flow visualizations are used to show the flow patterns on the blade surface, whereas phase-locked stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements are carried out to analyze the flow at 60% of the blade radius. The pressure field around the blade section has been computed from the PIV velocity data. Results reveal a complex flowfield with the appearance of a laminar separation bubble at the suction side of the blade. The separation bubble moves toward the leading edge and reduces in size as the advance ratio decreases. At an advance ratio equal to 0.6, the flowfield is characterized by a laminar separation without reattachment. This causes vortex shedding responsible for a high-frequency hump in the far-field noise spectra.

Aeroacoustic Investigation of a Propeller Operating at Low Reynolds Numbers