Plasmon

Physics

Electronic band structure

Electron

Composite material

Nanotechnology

Nanocrystal

Band bending

Materials science

Condensed matter physics

Layer (electronics)

Shell (structure)

Fermi level

Nanoscopic scale

Optoelectronics

Doping

Quantum mechanics

Nanowire

Electronic structure

Depletion region

Nature Communications

Fermi level pinning in doped metal oxide (MO) nanocrystals (NCs) results in the formation of depletion layers, which affect their optical and electronic properties, and ultimately their application in smart optoelectronics, photocatalysis, or energy storage. For a precise control over functionality, it is important to understand and control their electronic bands at the nanoscale. Here, we show that depletion layer engineering allows designing the energetic band profiles and predicting the optoelectronic properties of MO NCs. This is achieved by shell thickness tuning of core–shell Sn:In 2 O 3 –In 2 O 3 NCs, resulting in multiple band bending and multi-modal plasmonic response. We identify the modification of the band profiles after the light-induced accumulation of extra electrons as the main mechanism of photodoping and enhance the charge storage capability up to hundreds of electrons per NC through depletion layer engineering. Our experimental results are supported by theoretical models and are transferable to other core-multishell systems as well.

Control of electronic band profiles through depletion layer engineering in core–shell nanocrystals